Genetius

The study demonstrates that Magnesium Iron-layered double hydroxide (MgFe-LDH) nanocarriers effectively protect and deliver fungal effector dsRNA to pea leaves, enabling sustained gene silencing of Erysiphe pisi and providing enhanced local and systemic powdery mildew resistance for up to 15 days. The LDH formulation exhibits strong leaf adherence, biocompatibility, RNase protection, and rapid uptake into plant cells and fungal haustoria, outperforming dsRNA or LDH alone.

Inoculating garden pea (including the Sugar Snap genotype) with Bacillus subtilis under alkaline stress enhanced growth, nodulation, mineral status, and photosystem efficiency via systemic signaling and improved siderophore availability. RNA‑seq revealed extensive transcriptional reprogramming related to sugar transport, pH homeostasis, and nutrient uptake, while B. subtilis also reshaped the rhizosphere microbiome toward beneficial taxa, indicating a synergistic microbial strategy for alkaline tolerance.

The study investigates the autoregulation of nodulation (AON) in pea (Pisum sativum) by characterizing the roles of CLE peptides PsCLE12 and PsCLE13, their arabinosylation via PsRDN1, and shoot receptors PsNARK and PsCLV2. Using mutant combinations, overexpression, grafting, and GFP‑labelled rhizobium assays, the authors show that PsNARK can function with or independently of PsCLV2 to regulate nodule numbers, while these CLE peptides do not significantly affect infection thread development, suggesting additional signaling components.

The study evaluated Pisum sativum growth in a Martian regolith simulant amended with black soldier fly frass at 0, 10, 25, and 50% vol., comparing germination, height, chlorophyll, and dry biomass to equivalent treatments in commercial soil. Results showed comparable germination and height, slightly higher chlorophyll in regolith + frass, but lower biomass than soil + frass, and identified an optimal frass inclusion of ~5–32% via quadratic regression.

The study examined how the bioinoculant Trichoderma afroharzianum T22 influences Pisum sativum growth under iron-sufficient versus iron-deficient conditions, finding pronounced benefits—enhanced photosynthesis, Fe/N accumulation, and stress‑related gene expression—only during iron deficiency. RNA‑seq revealed distinct gene expression patterns tied to symbiosis, iron transport, and redox pathways, and microbiome profiling showed T22 reshapes the root bacterial community under deficiency, suggesting context‑dependent mutualism.

The study evaluated the effects of a biofertilizer derived from abattoir effluent versus conventional NPK chemical fertilizer on growth of two cultivars of Pisum sativum using a randomized complete block design. Biofertilizer at 100 ml produced the greatest increases in height, leaf number, leaf area and dry weight, outperforming chemical fertilizer, which showed limited impact on biomass. The authors recommend adopting the 100 ml biofertilizer rate for optimal pea yield and waste valorization.

The study examined the taxonomic and functional composition of root‑nodule microbial communities in six seasonal cultivars of yellow pea (Pisum sativum) using full‑length 16S rRNA sequencing. While Rhizobium dominated the nodules, a conserved core of non‑rhizobial microbes—including cyanobacteria with potential phototrophic and diazotrophic functions—was present across cultivars, with minor differences in community evenness between spring and winter types.

Pisum sativum was co‑inoculated with pairwise combinations of three rhizobial strains differing in nitrogen‑fixation efficiency to test whether ineffective strains can evade host sanctions by piggybacking. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy revealed that sanctions reduced bacteroid populations, decreased bacterial cell size, and triggered early changes in nodule cell morphology, affecting both strains equally within mixed nodules. The results indicate that peas impose sanctions at the whole‑nodule level based on nitrogen output, thereby limiting the fitness of low‑fixing strains.

The study uses near‑isogenic Rhizobium leguminosarum strains on pea (Pisum sativum) to show that legumes impose sanctions on less‑effective nitrogen‑fixing nodules based on the overall proportion of such nodules across the root system. Pea plants integrate both global and local signals to differentiate and potentially sanction nodules, but poorly fixing strains can evade sanctions when they dominate nodulation.

The study shows that the transcriptional co‑regulator PsCOCH is essential for tightly controlling auxin and cytokinin distribution during legume nodule organogenesis, suppressing cytokinin while promoting auxin accumulation. Pscoch mutants display elevated cytokinin, reduced auxin, and root‑like gene expression, whereas ectopic PsCOCH expression creates root‑nodule hybrids, indicating COCH integrates hormonal signals and autoregulation pathways to define nodule identity.