Field experiments combined with RNA sequencing revealed that wheat ploidy influences heat stress resilience, with tetraploid T. turgidum showing the smallest yield loss and hexaploid T. aestivum mounting the largest transcriptional response. Ploidy-dependent differences were observed in differential gene expression, alternative splicing—including hexaploid-specific exon skipping of NF‑YB—and co‑expression networks linked to grain traits, highlighting candidate pathways for breeding heat‑tolerant wheat.

The study demonstrates that plasmodesmata‑located protein 5 (PDLP5) interacts with plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) to inhibit H2O2 transport across the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of PDLP5 reduces H2O2 uptake and diminishes H2O2‑induced root growth inhibition, whereas pdlp5 mutants show enhanced sensitivity, with PIP2;5 identified as a key target of this regulation.

The study used live-cell fluorescence imaging of Arabidopsis thaliana pollen tubes co-expressing labeled tubulin and actin to reveal partial co-localization of the two cytoskeletal networks. Pharmacological disruption showed that microtubules depend on actin for stability in the medial region, while actin remains unaffected by microtubule loss, indicating spatially dependent cytoskeletal crosstalk. Tracking of the microtubule plus‑end binding protein EB1b demonstrated that the microtubule array is primarily parallel with plus ends oriented away from the apex.

The study demonstrates that invasion of Arabidopsis thaliana roots by the parasitic plant Phtheirospermum japonicum induces a phosphate‑starvation response in the host, which in turn leads to systemic suppression of immunity. This immunosuppression makes Arabidopsis more vulnerable to secondary microbial infections, highlighting the importance of multitrophic interactions in crop resilience.

The study identifies the AP2/ERF transcription factor GEMMIFER (MpGMFR) as essential for asexual reproduction in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, showing that loss of MpGMFR via genome editing or amiRNA abolishes gemma and gemma cup formation, while dexamethasone‑induced activation triggers their development. Transient strong activation of MpGMFR initiates gemma initial cells at the meristem, which mature into functional gemmae, indicating MpGMFR is both necessary and sufficient for meristem‑derived asexual propagule formation.

The study identifies the circadian clock component ELF3 as a temporal gatekeeper that limits hormone‑induced pericycle proliferation and lateral root development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Time‑resolved transcriptomics, imaging, and genetic analyses show that ELF3 maintains rhythmic expression of key regulators via LNK1 and MADS‑box genes, and that loss of ELF3 disrupts this rhythm, enhancing callus growth and accelerating root organogenesis.

The study introduces a hybrid modeling framework that integrates a logistic ordinary differential equation with a Long Short-Term Memory neural network to form a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) for predicting wheat plant height. Using only time and temperature as inputs, the PINN outperformed other longitudinal growth models, achieving the lowest average RMSE and reduced variability across multiple random initializations. The results suggest that embedding biological growth constraints within data‑driven models can substantially improve prediction accuracy for plant traits.

The study demonstrates that cytokinin (CK) signaling strength is governed by the interplay of receptor preference and metabolic stability of individual CK isoforms, affecting tissue-specific responses in Arabidopsis. Using physiological, genetic, and multi-omics approaches, the authors show that dihydrozeatin compensates for lower receptor affinity with higher persistence during senescence, while N‑glucoside CKs modulate signaling intensity in a ratio‑dependent manner.

The study employed ultra large‑scale 2D clinostats to grow tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants beyond the seedling stage under simulated microgravity and upright control conditions across five sequential trials. Simulated microgravity consistently affected plant growth, but the magnitude and direction of the response varied among trials, with temperature identified as a significant co‑variant; moderate heat stress surprisingly enhanced growth under simulated microgravity. These results highlight the utility of large‑scale clinostats for dissecting interactions between environmental factors and simulated microgravity in plant development.

The study demonstrates that the interaction between spliceosomal proteins STA1 and DOT2 controls nuclear speckle organization, pre‑mRNA splicing efficiency, and heat‑stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. A missense mutation in DOT2 restores the weakened STA1‑DOT2 interaction in the sta1‑1 mutant, linking interaction strength to speckle formation and transcriptome‑wide intron retention under heat stress, while pharmacological inhibition of STA1‑associated speckles reproduces the mutant phenotypes. These findings reveal a heat‑sensitive interaction node that couples spliceosome assembly to nuclear speckle dynamics and splicing robustness.