The study demonstrates that carbon availability promotes gemma cup formation in Marchantia polymorpha by activating cytokinin signaling, which up‑regulates the transcription factors MpGCAM1 and MpSTG. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations showed that cytokinin accumulation in response to sucrose and high light is sufficient to overcome low‑sucrose repression, and that this pathway operates independently of KAI2A‑MAX2 mediated karrikin signaling. The findings suggest a conserved carbon‑cytokinin interaction governing developmental plasticity across land plants.

The study identifies the serine/arginine-rich splicing factor RS2Z36 as a key regulator of ovary patterning and early fruit morphology in tomato, with loss‑of‑function mutants producing smaller, ellipsoid fruits and elongated pericarp cells. RNA‑seq and proteomic analyses reveal widespread alternative splicing and altered protein abundance, including novel splice‑variant peptides, while mutant pericarps show increased deposition of LM6‑detected arabinan and AGP epitopes.

The study functionally characterizes a conserved structured RNA motif (45ABC) in Arabidopsis RBP45 pre‑mRNAs, showing that its sequence and pairing elements mediate a negative auto‑ and cross‑regulatory feedback loop through alternative splicing that produces unproductive isoforms and reduces RBP45 expression. Transcriptome‑wide splicing analysis and phenotypic assessment of rbp45 mutants reveal that RBP45B plays a dominant role and that proper regulation of this motif is essential for root growth and flowering time.

The study characterizes the liverwort-specific NPR protein (MpNPR) in Marchantia polymorpha, demonstrating that it controls oil body formation and confers resistance to gastropod herbivory through interaction with the transcription factor MpERF13. Loss- or gain-of-function of MpNPR disrupts MpERF13‑dependent gene expression and compromises defense against snail feeding, revealing a lineage‑specific immune pathway distinct from tracheophyte NPR functions.

The study demonstrates that red and blue light have opposing effects on thallus growth orientation in Marchantia polymorpha, with red light promoting epinasty and blue light promoting hyponasty. Loss-of-function mutants in the respective photoreceptors and BBX transcription factors reveal antagonistic interactions that balance thallus flatness under white light. Time‑resolved transcriptomics identified rapid light‑induced genes, including all six MpBBX members, whose mutant phenotypes support this antagonistic model.

The study reveals that the Auxin Response Factor MpARF2 in Marchantia polymorpha forms nanoscopic clusters within the plant nucleus, representing a distinct mode of DNA binding distinct from monomeric/oligomeric binding and liquid phase-separated condensates. These nanoclusters provide high‑affinity, switch‑like, sequence‑specific DNA interaction, suggesting a novel mechanism for transcriptional regulation by TF nanoclustering.

The study combined high-throughput image-based phenotyping with genome-wide association studies to uncover the genetic architecture of tolerance to the spittlebug Aeneolamia varia in 339 interspecific Urochloa hybrids. Six robust QTL were identified for plant damage traits, explaining up to 21.5% of variance, and candidate genes linked to hormone signaling, oxidative stress, and cell‑wall modification were highlighted, providing markers for breeding.

The study reveals that in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, the UV‑B photoreceptor MpUVR8 forms homodimers that monomerize and accumulate in the nucleus upon UV‑B exposure, activating COP1‑dependent growth inhibition, gene expression reprogramming, and UV‑absorbing metabolite production. MpRUP promotes redimerization of MpUVR8, acting as a negative regulator, while MpSPA also negatively modulates UVR8 signaling, indicating lineage‑specific diversification of UV‑B signaling components that originated over 400 Myr ago.

The study investigates how the timing of the vegetative phase change (VPC) in Arabidopsis thaliana influences drought adaptation, revealing strong genotype-by-environment interactions that create stage-specific fitness tradeoffs. Genotypes from warmer, drier Iberian climates transition earlier, and genome-wide association mapping identifies loci linked to VPC timing and drought response, with several candidates validated using T‑DNA insertion lines.

The study investigates the role of the chromatin regulator MpSWI3, a core subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. A promoter mutation disrupts male gametangiophore development and spermiogenesis, causing enhanced vegetative propagation, and transcriptomic analysis reveals that MpSWI3 regulates genes controlling reproductive initiation, sperm function, and asexual reproduction, highlighting its ancient epigenetic role in balancing vegetative and reproductive phases.