The study uses an optogenetic ChannelRhodopsin 2 variant (XXM2.0) to generate defined cytosolic Ca²⁺ transients in Arabidopsis root cells, revealing that these Ca²⁺ signatures suppress auxin‑induced membrane depolarization, Ca²⁺ spikes, and auxin‑responsive transcription, leading to reversible inhibition of cell division and elongation. This demonstrates that optogenetically imposed Ca²⁺ signals act as dynamic regulators of auxin sensitivity in roots.

The study identifies EPP1 as a fourth, conserved component of the ancestral common symbiosis pathway required for intracellular plant–microbe interactions, showing that its loss impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization across diverse plant clades. EPP1 is phosphorylated by the plasma‑membrane receptor SYRMK, and this modification is essential for downstream activation of the nuclear kinase CCaMK, positioning EPP1 upstream in the signaling cascade.

The study demonstrates that ABI5‑Binding Proteins (AFPs) interact with multiple components of the core ABA signaling pathway and serve as substrates for SnRK2 kinases and PP2C phosphatases, linking them to MAP kinases and 14‑3‑3 proteins. Phosphorylation of AFP2, promoted by ABA, stabilizes the protein and influences its subcellular localization, thereby modulating its ability to inhibit ABA responses during seed germination.

The study demonstrates that jasmonate (JA) enhances Arabidopsis thaliana responses to extracellular ATP (eATP) by upregulating the eATP receptor P2K1 and amplifying eATP‑induced cytosolic Ca²⁺ spikes and transcriptional reprogramming in a COI1‑dependent manner, whereas salicylic acid pretreatment suppresses these responses. These findings reveal a JA‑mediated priming mechanism that potentiates eATP signaling during stress.

The study characterizes a plasma membrane-localized, calcium‑permeable force‑gated channel named Rapid Mechanically Activated (RMA) in plants, using patch‑clamp and pressure‑clamp to elucidate its rapid activation, inactivation, and irreversible adaptation upon repeated mechanical stimulation. Kinetic modeling shows the channel functions as a pass‑band filter for frequencies between 10 Hz and 1 kHz, supporting its role in transducing high‑frequency mechano‑stimuli such as insect vibrations.

The study presents a high-quality genome assembly for the nickel hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and uses it as a reference for comparative transcriptomic analyses across different N. caerulescens accessions and the non‑accumulating relative Microthlaspi perfoliatum. It identifies a limited set of metal transporters (NcHMA3, NcHMA4, NcIREG2, and NcIRT1) whose elevated expression correlates with hyperaccumulation, and demonstrates that frameshift mutations in NcIRT1 can abolish the trait, indicating an ancient, transporter‑driven origin of nickel hyperaccumulation.

The study visualizes subcellular dynamics following activation of the NRC4 resistosome, showing that NRC4 enrichment at the plasma membrane triggers calcium influx, followed by sequential disruption of mitochondria, plastids, endoplasmic reticulum, and cytoskeleton, culminating in plasma membrane rupture and cell death. These observations define a temporally ordered cascade of organelle and membrane events that execute plant immune cell death.

The study identified a suppressor mutation (sune42) in the Golgi-localized Ca2+ transporter CCX4 that alleviates the dominant‑negative root hair phenotype caused by the extensin‑less LRX1ΔE14 protein in Arabidopsis. Detailed Ca2+ imaging showed that LRX1ΔE14 disrupts tip‑focused cytoplasmic Ca2+ oscillations, a defect rescued by the sune42 mutation, highlighting the role of Golgi‑mediated Ca2+ homeostasis in root hair growth.

The study identifies the transcription factor MdBRC1 as a key inhibitor of bud growth during the ecodormancy phase in apple (Malus domestica), directly regulating dormancy‑associated genes and interacting with the flowering promoter MdFT2 to modulate bud break. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and gain‑of‑function experiments in poplar demonstrate that MdFT2 physically binds MdBRC1, attenuating its repressive activity and acting as a molecular switch for the transition to active growth.

The study introduced full-length SOC1 genes from maize and soybean, and a partial SOC1 gene from blueberry, into tomato plants under constitutive promoters. While VcSOC1K and ZmSOC1 accelerated flowering, all three transgenes increased fruit number per plant mainly by promoting branching, and transcriptomic profiling revealed alterations in flowering, growth, and stress‑response pathways.