The study genotyped 545 accessions from 17 Urochloa species using genome-wide SNP and SilicoDArT markers generated via DArTseq, revealing two major groups separating the brizantha complex from other wild species and identifying four phylogenetic clades. Population structure and admixture analyses highlighted distinct genetic clusters, extensive admixture in the cultivated brizantha complex, and high diversity with geographic structuring in wild apomictic species, informing conservation and breeding strategies.

The authors used a bottom‑up thermodynamic modelling framework to investigate how plants decode calcium signals, starting from Ca2+ binding to EF‑hand proteins and extending to higher‑order decoding modules. They identified six universal Ca2+-decoding modules that can explain variations in calcium sensitivity among kinases and provide a theoretical basis for interpreting calcium signal amplitude and frequency in plant cells.

The authors compiled and standardized published data on Rubisco dark inhibition for 157 flowering plant species, categorizing them into four inhibition levels and analyzing phylogenetic trends. Their meta‑analysis reveals a complex, uneven distribution of inhibition across taxa, suggesting underlying chloroplast microenvironment drivers and providing a new resource for future photosynthesis improvement efforts.