The study performed a comprehensive computational analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana proteome, classifying 48,359 proteins by melting temperature (Tm) and melting temperature index (TI) and linking thermal stability to amino acid composition, molecular mass, and codon usage. Machine‑learning and evolutionary analyses revealed that higher molecular mass and specific codon pairs correlate with higher Tm, and that gene duplication has driven the evolution of high‑Tm proteins, suggesting a genomic basis for stress resilience.

RNA‑seq of 328 wheat lines using a pan‑genome reference uncovered over 20,000 additional transcripts beyond the Chinese Spring genome and enabled construction of a pan‑gene eQTL regulatory atlas. Multi‑omics integration identified 231 high‑confidence candidate genes influencing 34 agronomic traits and powdery mildew resistance, with functional validation showing 80% of candidates affecting trait phenotypes via an EMS mutant library.

The study shows that silencing of NOR2 rRNA genes in Arabidopsis thaliana depends primarily on CHH-context cytosine methylation, particularly mediated by CMT2 and the chromatin remodeler DDM1, rather than CG or CHG methylation. Comparative promoter analysis revealed a prevalence of CHH sites in plant rDNA promoters, explaining why CHH methylation mutants disrupt NOR2 silencing more strongly, while NOR2 loci are hyper‑methylated and more condensed than NOR4.

This review compiles experimental studies on wheat to assess how elevated CO₂, higher temperatures, and water deficit interact and affect productivity and water use. By calculating plasticity indices, the authors find that despite CO₂‑induced gains, overall yield generally declines under combined stress, while water consumption often decreases. They highlight the need for more data to improve and validate crop models under future climate scenarios.

The study introduces Transposase-Accessible Chromosome Conformation Capture (TAC-C), which combines ATAC‑seq and Hi‑C to map fine‑scale chromatin interactions in rice, sorghum, maize, and wheat, revealing genome‑size‑correlated loop structures and distinct C3 vs. C4 patterns. Integration with population genetics shows that loops link distal regulatory elements to phenotypic variation, and SPL transcription factors (TaSPL7/15) modulate photosynthesis‑related genes via these interactions, enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and starch content in wheat mutants.

The study investigated unexpected leaf spot symptoms in Psa3‑resistant kiwifruit (Actinidia) germplasm, finding that Psa3 was detectable by qPCR and metabarcoding despite poor culturing. Metabarcoding revealed distinct bacterial community shifts in lesions versus healthy tissue, and whole‑genome sequencing identified diverse Pseudomonas spp. that, while not individually more pathogenic, could enhance Psa3 growth, suggesting pathogenic consortia on resistant hosts.

The study examined transcriptomic responses of the tropical seagrass Halophila stipulacea from a pristine and an impacted site under single and combined thermal and excess nutrient stress in mesocosms. Combined stress caused greater gene reprogramming than individual stresses, with thermal effects dominating and the impacted population showing reduced plasticity but higher resilience. Core stress‑response genes were identified as potential early field indicators of environmental stress.