The study introduces a deep‑learning based image analysis pipeline that scores blackleg disease severity from stem cross‑section images of canola species, achieving greater consistency than median expert raters while preserving comparable heritability of susceptibility traits. This standardized scoring method aims to improve selection of resistant varieties in breeding programs.

The study presents a deep‑learning pipeline that uses state‑of‑the‑art convolutional neural networks to automatically estimate the establishment of perennial groundcovers in agricultural research plots from smartphone images. By employing region‑of‑interest markers and deploying the models on AWS SageMaker with a lightweight Django web interface, the approach provides fast, objective, and reproducible assessments that can be adopted by researchers and growers across the Midwest.

The study used comparative proteomics to examine how the emerging 15ADON/3ANX chemotype of Fusarium graminearum affects protein expression in both wheat and the fungus. It identified a core wheat proteome altered by infection, chemotype‑specific wheat proteins, and fungal proteins linked to virulence and ergosterol biosynthesis, revealing distinct molecular responses influencing disease severity.

The study identifies the transcription factor MdBRC1 as a key inhibitor of bud growth during the ecodormancy phase in apple (Malus domestica), directly regulating dormancy‑associated genes and interacting with the flowering promoter MdFT2 to modulate bud break. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and gain‑of‑function experiments in poplar demonstrate that MdFT2 physically binds MdBRC1, attenuating its repressive activity and acting as a molecular switch for the transition to active growth.

The study examined three fruit morphotypes of the desert shrub Haloxylon ammodendron, revealing distinct germination performances under salt and drought stress. Proteomic analysis identified 721 differentially expressed proteins, particularly between the YP and PP morphotypes, linking stress‑responsive protein abundance to rapid germination in YP and delayed germination in PP as contrasting adaptive strategies. The findings suggest that fruit polymorphism facilitates niche differentiation and informs germplasm selection for desert restoration.

The study tracked molecular changes in plastoglobules and thylakoids of Zea mays B73 during heat stress and recovery, revealing increased plastoglobule size, number, and adjacent lipid droplets over time. Proteomic and lipidomic analyses uncovered up‑regulation of specific plastoglobule proteins and alterations in triacylglycerol, plastoquinone derivatives, and phytol esters, suggesting roles in membrane remodeling and oxidative defense. These insights highlight plastoglobule‑associated pathways as potential targets for enhancing heat resilience in maize.

The study used an interpretable convolutional neural network to predict ABA responsiveness from proximal promoter sequences in Arabidopsis thaliana, revealing both known ABF-binding motifs and novel regulatory elements. Model performance was boosted by advanced data augmentation, and predicted regulatory regions were experimentally validated using reporter lines, confirming the inferred cis‑regulatory code.

The study introduced full-length SOC1 genes from maize and soybean, and a partial SOC1 gene from blueberry, into tomato plants under constitutive promoters. While VcSOC1K and ZmSOC1 accelerated flowering, all three transgenes increased fruit number per plant mainly by promoting branching, and transcriptomic profiling revealed alterations in flowering, growth, and stress‑response pathways.

The study used Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with low (vtc2, vtc4) and high (vtc2/OE-VTC2) ascorbate levels to examine how ascorbate concentration affects gene expression and cellular homeostasis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that altered ascorbate levels modulate defense and stress pathways, and that TAA1/TAR2‑mediated auxin biosynthesis is required for coping with elevated ascorbate in a light‑dependent manner.

The study identifies the serine/threonine protein kinase CIPK14/SNRK3.15 as a regulator of sulfate‑deficiency responses in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings, with mutants showing diminished early adaptive and later salvage responses under sulfur starvation. While snrk3.15 mutants exhibit no obvious phenotype under sufficient sulfur, the work provides a novel proteomic dataset comparing wild‑type and mutant seedlings under sulfur limitation.