The study identifies the transcription factor MdBRC1 as a key inhibitor of bud growth during the ecodormancy phase in apple (Malus domestica), directly regulating dormancy‑associated genes and interacting with the flowering promoter MdFT2 to modulate bud break. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and gain‑of‑function experiments in poplar demonstrate that MdFT2 physically binds MdBRC1, attenuating its repressive activity and acting as a molecular switch for the transition to active growth.

The study profiled root transcriptomes of Arabidopsis wild type and etr1 gain-of-function (etr1-3) and loss-of-function (etr1-7) mutants under ethylene or ACC treatment, identifying 4,522 ethylene‑responsive transcripts, including 553 that depend on ETR1 activity. ETR1‑dependent genes encompassed ethylene biosynthesis enzymes (ACO2, ACO3) and transcription factors, whose expression was further examined in an ein3eil1 background, revealing that both ETR1 and EIN3/EIL1 pathways regulate parts of the network controlling root hair proliferation and lateral root formation.

The study introduced full-length SOC1 genes from maize and soybean, and a partial SOC1 gene from blueberry, into tomato plants under constitutive promoters. While VcSOC1K and ZmSOC1 accelerated flowering, all three transgenes increased fruit number per plant mainly by promoting branching, and transcriptomic profiling revealed alterations in flowering, growth, and stress‑response pathways.

The study reveals that the dioecious monocot Dioscorea tokoro employs a male heterogametic (XY) sex-determination system with sex-determining regions on chromosome 3, including X- and Y-specific pericentromeric regions. Two Y-specific candidate genes, BLH9 (a homeobox protein) and HSP90 (a molecular chaperone), are identified as likely mediators of female organ suppression and pollen development, respectively, providing insight into the evolution of dioecy in plants.

The study generated high‑quality genome assemblies for 12 indica and japonica rice accessions and demonstrated that structural variants (SVs) are abundant and strongly associated with heterosis across 17 agronomic traits. Correlation analyses revealed that SV count between parental lines predicts hybrid performance, and functional validation of SVs in S5‑ORF5 and OsBZR1 confirmed their contributions to seed setting rate and yield heterosis, supporting an overdominance model for inter‑subspecific hybrid vigor.

Four isolates of Pythium aphanidermatum obtained from infected amaranth seedlings were confirmed by morphology and ITS rDNA sequencing and shown to cause severe root loss and damping‑off in both plate and soil assays, with up to 100% disease incidence in susceptible genotypes. The genome of isolate PT2-1-1 was sequenced, revealing a 51.55 Mb assembly with 14,453 protein‑coding genes, including numerous plant cell wall‑degrading enzymes and candidate intracellular and apoplastic effectors such as Crinkler and YxSL[RK] proteins. This second genome assembly and the demonstrated pathogenic variation provide a foundation for studying host‑pathogen interactions in amaranth.

The study investigated how Arabidopsis thaliana SR protein kinases (AtSRPKs) regulate alternative RNA splicing by using chemical inhibitors of SRPK activity. Inhibition with SPHINX31 and SRPIN340 caused reduced root growth and loss of root hairs, accompanied by widespread changes in splicing and phosphorylation of genes linked to root development and other cellular processes. Multi‑omics analysis (transcriptomics and phosphoproteomics) revealed that AtSRPKs modulate diverse splicing factors and affect the splicing landscape of numerous pathways.

The study investigates the role of the Arabidopsis transcription factor AtMYB93 in sulfur (S) signaling and root development, revealing that AtMYB93 mutants exhibit altered expression of S transport and metabolism genes and increased shoot S levels, while tomato plants overexpressing SlMYB93 show reduced shoot S. Transcriptomic profiling, elemental analysis, and promoter activity assays indicate that AtMYB93 contributes to root responses to S deprivation, though functional redundancy masks clear phenotypic effects on lateral and adventitious root formation.

The study investigates the Arabidopsis ribosomal protein RPS6A and its role in auxin‑related root growth, revealing that rps6a mutants display shortened primary roots, fewer lateral roots, and defective vasculature that are not rescued by exogenous auxin. Cell biological observations and global transcriptome profiling show weakened auxin signaling and reduced levels of PIN auxin transporters in the mutant, indicating a non‑canonical function of the ribosomal subunit in auxin pathways.

The study generated a high-quality genome assembly for Victoria cruziana and used comparative transcriptomics to identify anthocyanin biosynthesis genes and their transcriptional regulators that are differentially expressed between white and light pinkish flower stages. Differential expression of structural genes (VcrF3H, VcrF35H, VcrDFR, VcrANS, VcrarGST) and transcription factors (VcrMYB123, VcrMYB-SG6_a, VcrMYB-SG6_b, VcrTT8, VcrTTG1) correlates with the observed flower color change.