The study examined how dual‑purpose hemp (Cannabis sativa) adjusts to different phosphate levels, showing that flower biomass is maintained unless phosphate is completely removed. Integrated physiological measurements and transcriptomic profiling revealed that phosphate is reallocated to flowers via glycolytic bypasses and organic phosphate release, while key regulatory genes followed expected patterns but did not suppress uptake at high phosphate, leading to nitrate depletion that limits growth.

The study investigated how tightly controlled drought regimes affect biochemical, physiological, and anatomical traits of three THCA‑dominant Cannabis sativa cultivars. Drought reduced canopy conductance, inflorescence weight, and the concentrations of major phytocannabinoids (THCA, CBGA), while terpene levels varied genotype‑specifically, indicating that yield losses stem primarily from suppressed biosynthetic activity rather than metabolite degradation.