Genetius

The study shows that inoculating Arabidopsis thaliana with the plant‑growth‑promoting bacterium Enterobacter sp. SA187 markedly boosts root and shoot biomass under elevated CO₂, accompanied by altered nitrogen and carbon content and reshaped phytohormone signaling. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal activation of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene pathways and enhanced primary metabolism, while the ethylene‑insensitive ein2‑1 mutant demonstrates that the growth benefits are ethylene‑dependent.

The study combined cell biology, transcriptomics, and ionomics to reveal that zinc deficiency reduces root apical meristem size while preserving meristematic activity and local Zn levels, leading to enhanced cell elongation and differentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana. ZIP12 was identified as a highly induced gene in the zinc‑deficient root tip, and zip12 mutants displayed impaired root growth, altered RAM structure, disrupted Zn‑responsive gene expression, and abnormal metal partitioning, highlighting ZIP12’s role in maintaining Zn homeostasis and meristem function.

The study used proximity labeling, co‑immunoprecipitation, and fluorescence microscopy to dissect the protein components and pathways governing distinct extracellular vesicle (EV) subpopulations in Arabidopsis, identifying roles for EXO70 exocyst subunits, RIN4, and VAP27. Mutant analyses revealed that disruptions in exo70 family genes, rin4, rabA2a, scd1, and vap27 reduce EV secretion and increase susceptibility to the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum higginsianum, highlighting EV secretion as a key facet of plant immunity.

RNA‑Seq was used to compare Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptomes under drought, Meloidogyne incognita infection, and their combination, revealing a distinct set of genes uniquely regulated by the joint stress. Notably, AZI1, SAUR71, and DRN1 showed stress‑specific expression patterns, suggesting key roles in coordinating responses to simultaneous drought and nematode attack.

The study investigates the conserved EDVID motif in the coiled‑coil domain of plant CC‑NLR immune receptors, revealing its role as a predictor of canonical CC‑NLR function and oligomeric assembly. It identifies a preceding acidic “preEDVID” motif in certain Arabidopsis‑related CC‑NLRs and shows that loss of the EDVID motif defines a distinct NLR subgroup, while acidic residues in the helper NLR NRG1.1 are crucial for cell‑death activity.

The study used Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with low (vtc2, vtc4) and high (vtc2/OE-VTC2) ascorbate levels to examine how ascorbate concentration affects gene expression and cellular homeostasis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that altered ascorbate levels modulate defense and stress pathways, and that TAA1/TAR2‑mediated auxin biosynthesis is required for coping with elevated ascorbate in a light‑dependent manner.

The study identifies the RNA‑binding protein AtG3BP1 as a phosphorylation target of MAPKs MPK3, MPK4, and MPK6 at Ser257 in Arabidopsis thaliana and shows that this modification promotes susceptibility to bacterial pathogens, suppresses ROS accumulation and salicylic acid biosynthesis, and maintains stomatal opening. Phospho‑mimic and phospho‑dead mutants reveal that phosphorylation stabilizes AtG3BP1 by preventing proteasomal degradation, highlighting a novel post‑translational control layer in plant immunity.

The study reveals that Arabidopsis actin depolymerization factors (ADF2/3/4) have a nuclear moonlighting role, directly interacting with WRKY transcription factors to regulate immune‑related gene expression. Nuclear, rather than cytosolic, ADFs are essential for defense against both virulent and avirulent Pseudomonas syringae, highlighting a non‑canonical mechanism linking actin dynamics to transcriptional control in plant immunity.

The study shows that the SnRK1 catalytic subunit KIN10 directs tissue-specific growth‑defense programs in Arabidopsis thaliana by reshaping transcriptomes. kin10 knockout mutants exhibit altered root transcription, reduced root growth, and weakened defense against Pseudomonas syringae, whereas KIN10 overexpression activates shoot defense pathways, increasing ROS and salicylic acid signaling at the cost of growth.

The study compares transcriptional, proteomic, and metabolomic responses of wild‑type Arabidopsis and a cyp71A27 mutant to a plant‑growth‑promoting Pseudomonas fluorescens strain and a pathogenic Burkholderia glumeae strain, revealing distinct reprogramming and an unexpected signaling role for the non‑canonical P450 CYP71A27. Mutant analysis showed that loss of CYP71A27 alters gene and protein regulation, especially during interaction with the PGP bacterium, while having limited impact on root metabolites and exudates.