Genetius

The study integrates multi-omics data from six Sorghum bicolor accessions under field drought to link RNA covalent modifications (RCMs) with photosynthetic performance, identifying the enzyme SbDUS2 that produces dihydrouridine (DHU) on transcripts. Loss‑of‑function dus2 mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana reveal that DHU deficiency leads to hyperstability of photosynthesis‑related mRNAs, impairing germination, development, and stress‑induced CO2 assimilation. The authors propose DHU as a post‑transcriptional mark that promotes rapid mRNA turnover during abiotic stress, enhancing plant resilience.

A meta‑analysis of 73 studies on cucumber (Cucumis sativus) under elevated CO₂ (eCO₂) revealed that eCO₂ significantly increased net photosynthetic rate (+56.31%), biomass (+27.75%) and yield (+21.98%), while reducing stomatal conductance (‑36.07%) and transpiration (‑30.42%). The authors recommend maintaining eCO₂ levels between 800–1200 ppm together with higher light, temperature, optimal humidity, and adequate fertilization to optimise greenhouse cucumber production under climate‑change scenarios.

The study shows that the kleptoplastic sea slug Elysia timida can supply phosphate to its stolen chloroplasts, restoring photosynthetic electron transfer rates and extending kleptoplast longevity, whereas nitrogen supplementation does not have the same effect. Phosphate availability appears to be the limiting factor for maintaining photosynthesis in kleptoplasts, possibly by enabling the GS/GOGAT nitrogen assimilation pathway as an alternative electron sink.

The study introduces an enhanced crosslinking mass spectrometry workflow that preserves native protein interactions within functional thylakoid membranes of Arabidopsis and spinach, while electron transport remains active. Mapping the obtained crosslinks to known structures validates complex integrity and reveals novel assemblies, facilitating in situ exploration of photosynthetic membrane protein networks.

The study examined how microclimatic factors influence leaf morphology and photosynthetic productivity in Arctostaphylos crustacea ssp. crustacea across two chaparral sites in California, finding that higher light and lower soil moisture increased leaf mass per area, leaf angle steepness, and photosynthetic rates. Linear mixed‑model analysis identified light level as the strongest predictor, with vapor pressure deficit, soil moisture, leaf temperature, and leaf angle also contributing, highlighting the role of combined microclimatic interactions in driving intraspecific trait variation.

Arabidopsis mutants lacking m6A writer or reader proteins are hypersensitive to salt, while salt stress triggers a genome‑wide increase and redistribution of m6A, especially near stop codons and 3′‑UTRs. Integrating MeRIP‑seq with expression data reveals that many salt‑responsive genes, notably those in the photosynthesis pathway, acquire higher m6A marks concomitant with reduced expression via accelerated mRNA decay, leading to impaired chloroplast function.

The study compared gene expression across four rice accessions—from Asian and African cultivated varieties to the wild Oryza australiensis—at successive leaf developmental stages from the shoot apical meristem to primordia 5. It identified stage-specific regulatory networks, highlighting three major transcriptional phases and accession‑specific transcription factors such as RDD1, ARID2, and ERF3 that govern developmental and photosynthetic transitions. These findings provide a regulatory framework for optimizing leaf development and photosynthetic efficiency in rice.

The study identifies Chloroplast Lipid Remodeling Protein 23 (CLRP23) as an inner envelope membrane protein that faces the intermembrane space and directly binds chloroplast lipids. Mutants lacking CLRP23 show impaired photosynthesis and altered galactolipid composition under cold stress, indicating its role in lipid remodeling during cold acclimation. Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic data further support CLRP23’s contribution to broader cold‑responsive pathways.

The study experimentally isolated temperature effects on mountain plants from low (2600 m) and high (3550 m) elevations, revealing that higher growth temperatures increased photosynthetic rates and mesophyll conductance without altering leaf mass per area. Responses differed between zonal (non‑wetland) and azonal (wetland) species, indicating that habitat and elevation origin modulate temperature‑driven photosynthetic adjustments.

The study investigated drought responses in eight sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) cultivars, finding that relative growth under water stress is largely driven by net assimilation rate linked to root‑derived bleeding sap pressure. The backcross cultivar Harunoogi displayed superior drought avoidance with higher leaf area, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and PSI activity, leading to greater photosynthesis and biomass than the commercial cultivar NiTn18, highlighting the value of enhancing root function and photosynthesis for drought tolerance.