The study performed a comprehensive computational analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana proteome, classifying 48,359 proteins by melting temperature (Tm) and melting temperature index (TI) and linking thermal stability to amino acid composition, molecular mass, and codon usage. Machine‑learning and evolutionary analyses revealed that higher molecular mass and specific codon pairs correlate with higher Tm, and that gene duplication has driven the evolution of high‑Tm proteins, suggesting a genomic basis for stress resilience.

The study characterizes all seven malic enzyme genes in tomato, analyzing their tissue-specific expression, temperature and ethylene responsiveness, and linking specific isoforms to metabolic processes such as starch and lipid biosynthesis during fruit development. Phylogenetic, synteny, recombinant protein biochemical assays, and promoter analyses were used to compare tomato enzymes with Arabidopsis counterparts, revealing complex evolutionary dynamics that decouple phylogeny from functional orthology.

The study sampled 94 individuals from eight Atlantic Forest populations to assess morphological and genetic variation among Inga subnuda subspecies and the related Inga vera subsp. affinis. Using plastid trnD‑trnT spacer and nuclear ITS1/2 sequences, phylogenetic analyses revealed distinct structuring of I. subnuda subsp. subnuda and a cohesive group comprising I. subnuda subsp. luschnathiana and I. vera subsp. affinis, indicating retention of ancestral polymorphism from recent diversification and prompting a taxonomic revision of subsp. luschnathiana.