The study characterizes a radiation‑induced root‑suppressed (Rs) mutant in tomato that displays dwarfism and pleiotropic defects in leaves, flowers, and fruits. Metabolite profiling and rescue with H2S donors implicate disrupted sulfur metabolism, and whole‑genome sequencing identifies promoter mutations in two root‑meristem‑specific sulfotransferase genes as likely contributors to the root phenotype.

The study identifies members of the REMORIN protein family as inhibitors of plasma membrane H⁺‑ATPases, leading to extracellular pH alkalinization that modulates cell surface processes such as steroid hormone signaling and coordinates root developmental transitions in Arabidopsis thaliana. This inhibition represents an ancient mechanism predating root evolution, suggesting that extracellular pH patterning has shaped plant morphogenesis.

The study used untargeted metabolomics and QTL mapping in a tomato recombinant inbred line population to characterize root exudate composition and identify genetic loci controlling specific metabolites. It reveals domestication-driven changes in exudate profiles and links metabolic QTLs with previously reported microbial QTLs, suggesting a genetic basis for shaping the root microbiome.

The authors used a bottom‑up thermodynamic modelling framework to investigate how plants decode calcium signals, starting from Ca2+ binding to EF‑hand proteins and extending to higher‑order decoding modules. They identified six universal Ca2+-decoding modules that can explain variations in calcium sensitivity among kinases and provide a theoretical basis for interpreting calcium signal amplitude and frequency in plant cells.

The study profiled root transcriptomes of Arabidopsis wild type and etr1 gain-of-function (etr1-3) and loss-of-function (etr1-7) mutants under ethylene or ACC treatment, identifying 4,522 ethylene‑responsive transcripts, including 553 that depend on ETR1 activity. ETR1‑dependent genes encompassed ethylene biosynthesis enzymes (ACO2, ACO3) and transcription factors, whose expression was further examined in an ein3eil1 background, revealing that both ETR1 and EIN3/EIL1 pathways regulate parts of the network controlling root hair proliferation and lateral root formation.

A nested association mapping (NAM) population was created in lentil by crossing the cultivar CDC Redberry with 32 diverse genotypes, producing recombinant inbred lines that were field‑phenotyped for days to emergence, flowering, and maturity. Exome capture sequencing and genome‑wide association studies identified 14 significant loci, including both known and novel candidates, demonstrating the NAM design’s ability to uncover minor‑effect loci for complex traits. This publicly available lentil NAM population provides a high‑resolution resource for trait discovery and pre‑breeding.

The study investigated the molecular basis of quantitative resistance to black spot disease in a Rosa wichurana × Rosa chinensis F1 population, identifying two major QTLs (B3 on LG3 and B5 on LG5). RNA‑seq of inoculated and control leaf samples at 0, 3, and 5 days post‑inoculation revealed extensive transcriptional reprogramming, with QTL B3 triggering classic defense pathways and QTL B5 showing a limited, distinct response. These findings highlight complex, QTL‑specific regulation underlying durable black‑spot resistance in roses.

The study applied a novel Stomatal Patterning Phenotype (SPP) spatial analysis to high‑throughput phenotyping data from 180 maize recombinant inbred lines, dissecting stomatal density into component traits related to cell size, packing, and positional probabilities. Using these derived traits, the authors built a structural equation model that explained 74% of stomatal density variation and identified specific quantitative trait loci for lateral and longitudinal stomatal patterning.

The study investigated how Arabidopsis thaliana SR protein kinases (AtSRPKs) regulate alternative RNA splicing by using chemical inhibitors of SRPK activity. Inhibition with SPHINX31 and SRPIN340 caused reduced root growth and loss of root hairs, accompanied by widespread changes in splicing and phosphorylation of genes linked to root development and other cellular processes. Multi‑omics analysis (transcriptomics and phosphoproteomics) revealed that AtSRPKs modulate diverse splicing factors and affect the splicing landscape of numerous pathways.

The study investigates the role of the Arabidopsis transcription factor AtMYB93 in sulfur (S) signaling and root development, revealing that AtMYB93 mutants exhibit altered expression of S transport and metabolism genes and increased shoot S levels, while tomato plants overexpressing SlMYB93 show reduced shoot S. Transcriptomic profiling, elemental analysis, and promoter activity assays indicate that AtMYB93 contributes to root responses to S deprivation, though functional redundancy masks clear phenotypic effects on lateral and adventitious root formation.