The authors created a high‑throughput yeast two‑hybrid platform using Arabidopsis F‑box and U‑box E3 decoys to map E3‑substrate interactions, screening 283 E3 variants against 21 core circadian clock regulators and identifying 77 candidate pairs. They validated that PUB18 interacts with LHY and JMJD5, promotes their ubiquitination in planta, and that PUB18 and its homolog PUB19 redundantly regulate the circadian clock, demonstrating the utility of the decoy system for dissecting ubiquitination networks.

The study examined how soil phosphorus and nitrogen availability influence wheat root-associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities and the expression of mycorrhizal nutrient transporters. Field sampling across two years combined with controlled pot experiments showed that P and N jointly affect AMF colonisation, community composition (with Funneliformis dominance under high P), and regulation of phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate transporters. Integrating metabarcoding and RT‑qPCR provides a framework to assess AMF contributions to crop nutrition.

The study presents a high-quality genome assembly for the nickel hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and uses it as a reference for comparative transcriptomic analyses across different N. caerulescens accessions and the non‑accumulating relative Microthlaspi perfoliatum. It identifies a limited set of metal transporters (NcHMA3, NcHMA4, NcIREG2, and NcIRT1) whose elevated expression correlates with hyperaccumulation, and demonstrates that frameshift mutations in NcIRT1 can abolish the trait, indicating an ancient, transporter‑driven origin of nickel hyperaccumulation.

The study reveals that early PAMP-triggered immune responses, such as flg22‑induced FRK1 transcription and ROS production, are heightened at subjective dusk compared to dawn in Arabidopsis. Overexpression of the clock gene TOC1 dampens these defenses and increases susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae, while flg22 and elf18 treatments reset the rhythmic expression of core clock genes CCA1 and TOC1.

The study identifies the transcription factor MdBRC1 as a key inhibitor of bud growth during the ecodormancy phase in apple (Malus domestica), directly regulating dormancy‑associated genes and interacting with the flowering promoter MdFT2 to modulate bud break. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and gain‑of‑function experiments in poplar demonstrate that MdFT2 physically binds MdBRC1, attenuating its repressive activity and acting as a molecular switch for the transition to active growth.

The study introduced full-length SOC1 genes from maize and soybean, and a partial SOC1 gene from blueberry, into tomato plants under constitutive promoters. While VcSOC1K and ZmSOC1 accelerated flowering, all three transgenes increased fruit number per plant mainly by promoting branching, and transcriptomic profiling revealed alterations in flowering, growth, and stress‑response pathways.

The study presents the first single‑nucleus transcriptome atlas for the CAM plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum, revealing cell‑type specific transcriptional changes during the C3‑to‑CAM transition. Integrating snRNA‑seq with a 24‑hour bulk RNA‑seq time course identified PPCK1 within a circadian‑enriched co‑expression network, and functional assays showed that the ice‑plant HY5 directly activates PPCK1, a regulatory relationship absent in Arabidopsis thaliana. These findings highlight a rewiring of transcriptional regulation underlying CAM evolution and provide a target for engineering drought‑resilient crops.

The study demonstrates that phosphorylation of the core circadian repressor TOC1, especially at serine 175, is essential for its interaction with FHY3 and PIF5 at the CCA1 promoter, thereby modulating CCA1 repression. While TOC1 phosphorylation is required for CCA1 regulation, LHY expression depends on TOC1 but not on its phosphostate, indicating distinct repression mechanisms. Genome-wide analyses reveal that TOC1’s phosphostate enhances chromatin association and robust rhythmic transcription.

The study demonstrates that dihydroxy B‑ring flavonoids modulate the amplitude of the core circadian clock gene reporter TOC1:LUC in Arabidopsis by affecting cellular H2O2 levels, rather than auxin transport. Reducing reactive oxygen species restored normal TOC1:LUC amplitude in flavonoid‑deficient seedlings, and altered chloroplast Ca2+ levels suggest a retrograde signaling component.