The study demonstrates that short‑term low phosphate treatment delays leaf senescence in rice by increasing photosynthetic pigments, enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities, and reducing oxidative damage, whereas high phosphate accelerates senescence. CRISPR/Cas9 editing of MIR827 to lower Pi levels also postpones senescence, while overexpression of MIR827 or MIR399, which raises Pi, speeds it up. Transcriptomic profiling reveals coordinated changes in senescence‑associated and metabolic pathways underlying the low‑phosphate response.

The study generated a high-quality, phased diploid reference genome for the grapevine cultivar Pinot noir and combined it with Oxford Nanopore sequencing of 23 clones to map genome-wide genetic and epigenetic variation. While somatic SNPs and structural variants are rare and depleted from coding regions, extensive CG methylation differences were found within gene bodies and accurately recapitulated clonal phylogenies, indicating stable, mitotically inherited epialleles that record propagation history.

The study generated chromosome‑scale de novo assemblies for two wild tomato relatives, Solanum pennellii and Solanum cheesmaniae, using PacBio HiFi, Oxford Nanopore ultra‑long reads, and Hi‑C scaffolding, achieving >99% completeness. Comparative analysis with nine Lycopersicon clade genomes revealed species‑specific structural variants and independent Tekay retrotransposon expansions, while recombination mapping in 709 backcross hybrids demonstrated higher female crossover rates and identified gender‑biased recombination regions and coldspots associated with large structural differences.

The study reveals that red pigmentation in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) epidermal bladder cells is due to a ~4‑kb genomic insertion that restores the full-length CYP76AD gene, which is the rate‑limiting enzyme for betacyanin synthesis. Cell‑type‑specific RNA‑sequencing showed that this restored CYP76AD is highly upregulated in red bladder cells, and subgenome analysis indicated B‑subgenome dominance for this gene in pigmented tissues.

Chromosome-level, 100% complete genomes of the Australian mango cultivar Kensington Pride and the wild relative M. laurina were assembled using high-coverage PacBio HiFi sequencing. Comparative analyses uncovered extensive structural variation, identified key genes in carotenoid, anthocyanin, and terpenoid pathways, and pinpointed a SNP in the β-1,3-glucanase 2 gene associated with anthracnose resistance. Whole-genome duplication and collinearity analyses revealed two polyploidization events and conserved gene blocks across mango genomes.

Integrating physiological, transcriptomic, and cellular analyses, the study shows that olive fruit abscission zones undergo lignification, alkalization, and extensive cell‑wall remodeling during natural maturation and after ethephon treatment. A set of 733 FAZ‑specific genes, including β‑1,3‑glucanases, pectate lyases, and pH‑regulating transporters, were identified, and increased glucanase activity together with reduced plasmodesmata callose suggest enhanced intercellular communication facilitates organ detachment in this non‑climacteric fruit.

The study demonstrates that limonene, a natural essential‑oil component, strongly inhibits Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of potato dry rot, by impairing colony growth, hyphal morphology, spore viability, membrane integrity, and transcription/translation processes, as well as disrupting ion homeostasis. Combined treatments reveal additive effects with mancozeb and synergistic effects with hymexazol, highlighting limonene's potential as an eco‑friendly bio‑fungicide for potato disease management.

The study presents a high-quality genome assembly for the nickel hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and uses it as a reference for comparative transcriptomic analyses across different N. caerulescens accessions and the non‑accumulating relative Microthlaspi perfoliatum. It identifies a limited set of metal transporters (NcHMA3, NcHMA4, NcIREG2, and NcIRT1) whose elevated expression correlates with hyperaccumulation, and demonstrates that frameshift mutations in NcIRT1 can abolish the trait, indicating an ancient, transporter‑driven origin of nickel hyperaccumulation.

The study identifies the transcription factor MdBRC1 as a key inhibitor of bud growth during the ecodormancy phase in apple (Malus domestica), directly regulating dormancy‑associated genes and interacting with the flowering promoter MdFT2 to modulate bud break. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and gain‑of‑function experiments in poplar demonstrate that MdFT2 physically binds MdBRC1, attenuating its repressive activity and acting as a molecular switch for the transition to active growth.

The study introduced full-length SOC1 genes from maize and soybean, and a partial SOC1 gene from blueberry, into tomato plants under constitutive promoters. While VcSOC1K and ZmSOC1 accelerated flowering, all three transgenes increased fruit number per plant mainly by promoting branching, and transcriptomic profiling revealed alterations in flowering, growth, and stress‑response pathways.