Phosphite (Phi) and phosphate (Pi) share the same root uptake system, but Phi acts as a biostimulant that modulates plant growth and disease resistance in a species‑ and Pi‑dependent manner. In Arabidopsis, Phi induces hypersensitive‑like cell death and enhances resistance to Plectosphaerella cucumerina, while in rice it counteracts Pi‑induced susceptibility to Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium fujikuroi, accompanied by extensive transcriptional reprogramming.

The authors integrate phenotypic plasticity concepts with factor analytic linear mixed models to evaluate yield stability in cereals, defining adaptive plasticity as consistent superior performance across environments without trade‑offs. Using wheat and oat multi‑environment trial data, they demonstrate that adaptive plasticity positively correlates with overall performance estimated by factor analytic models, whereas maladaptive plasticity shows negative correlation. The study argues that biologically grounded statistical approaches can clarify the trade‑offs often implied in yield‑stability advocacy.

The study evaluated drought tolerance and yield stability of eleven Andean amaranth genotypes (A. caudatus and A. mantegazzianus) across four agroecological zones in Northwest Argentina under irrigated and drought‑stressed conditions. Using linear mixed models and AMMI analysis, significant genotype and genotype‑by‑environment effects were detected, identifying several breeding lines with high yield and stability as well as a highly stable but low‑yielding landrace. The results highlight both broad and specific adaptation among amaranth genotypes for drought‑prone environments.

Foliar application of Trichoderma harzianum cell‑free culture filtrates (CF) increased fruit yield, root growth, and photosynthesis in a commercial tomato cultivar under prolonged water deficit in a Mediterranean greenhouse. Integrated physiological, metabolite, and transcriptomic analyses revealed that CF mitigated drought‑induced changes, suppressing about half of water‑stress responsive genes, thereby reducing the plant’s transcriptional sensitivity to water scarcity.

The study examines how the SnRK1 catalytic subunit KIN10 integrates carbon availability with root growth regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Loss of KIN10 reduces glucose‑induced inhibition of root elongation and triggers widespread transcriptional reprogramming of metabolic and hormonal pathways, notably affecting auxin and jasmonate signaling under sucrose supplementation. These findings highlight KIN10 as a central hub linking energy status to developmental and environmental cues in roots.

The study examined transcriptomic responses of the tropical seagrass Halophila stipulacea from a pristine and an impacted site under single and combined thermal and excess nutrient stress in mesocosms. Combined stress caused greater gene reprogramming than individual stresses, with thermal effects dominating and the impacted population showing reduced plasticity but higher resilience. Core stress‑response genes were identified as potential early field indicators of environmental stress.