The study presents an optimized Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocol for bread wheat that incorporates a GRF4‑GIF1 fusion to enhance regeneration and achieve genotype‑independent transformation across multiple cultivars. The approach consistently improves transformation efficiency while limiting pleiotropic effects, offering a versatile platform for functional genomics and gene editing in wheat.

The study demonstrates that the chromatin remodeler DDM1 is essential for biomass heterosis in Arabidopsis thaliana hybrids, as loss of DDM1 function leads to reduced rosette growth and extensive genotype‑specific transcriptomic and DNA methylation changes. Whole‑genome bisulfite sequencing revealed widespread hypomethylation in ddm1 mutants, while salicylic acid levels were found unrelated to heterosis, indicating that epigenetic divergence, rather than SA signaling, underpins hybrid vigor.

The study reveals that whole‑seedling transcriptomic analyses of Arabidopsis thermomorphogenesis are highly variable and often mask organ‑specific responses, with nearly 70% of differentially expressed genes in whole seedlings not detected in any dissected organ. By directly comparing RNA‑seq from whole seedlings and individual organs (root, hypocotyl, cotyledon) and supporting the findings with proteomics, the authors demonstrate that pooling tissues confounds gene‑regulation insights and call for organ‑level approaches in future warm‑temperature research.

The study applied a progressive, sublethal drought treatment to Arabidopsis thaliana, collecting time‑resolved phenotypic and transcriptomic data. Machine‑learning analysis revealed distinct drought stages driven by multiple overlapping transcriptional programs that intersect with plant aging, and identified high‑explanatory‑power transcripts as biomarkers rather than causal agents.

Salt stress strongly suppresses root growth in Festuca rubra while sparing shoot development. Transcriptome profiling identified over 68,000 differentially expressed genes, with up‑regulated genes enriched in methionine, melatonin, and suberin biosynthesis and down‑regulated genes involved in gibberellin, ABA, and sugar signaling, indicating extensive hormonal and metabolic reprogramming. Paradoxical regulation of gibberellin and ethylene pathways suggests a finely tuned balance between growth and stress responses.

The study presents a high-quality genome assembly for the nickel hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and uses it as a reference for comparative transcriptomic analyses across different N. caerulescens accessions and the non‑accumulating relative Microthlaspi perfoliatum. It identifies a limited set of metal transporters (NcHMA3, NcHMA4, NcIREG2, and NcIRT1) whose elevated expression correlates with hyperaccumulation, and demonstrates that frameshift mutations in NcIRT1 can abolish the trait, indicating an ancient, transporter‑driven origin of nickel hyperaccumulation.

The study examined how single and repeated mechanical disturbances (whole‑pot drops) affect leaf folding in Mimosa pudica, using chlorophyll fluorescence to track photosystem II efficiency and transcriptome profiling to identify responsive genes. A single drop mainly up‑regulated flavonoid biosynthesis genes, whereas multiple drops triggered broader biotic and abiotic stress pathways, indicating a shift in the plant’s gene regulatory network under repeated stress.

The study characterized the virome of Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum) across eight locations in Narino, Colombia, revealing up to four virus species from the Torradovirus, Potyvirus, and Polerovirus genera, including the first report of a torradovirus in tamarillo. A novel isolate of potato virus Y‑Tamarillo (PVY‑Tam) with unique P3N‑PIPO protein truncations was identified, suggesting host‑specific adaptation and informing future diagnostic and control strategies.

The study used RNA‑seq to compare early transcriptional responses to acute heat and cold stress in cultivated cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) and its F1 hybrids with the cold‑adapted wild relative V. oxycoccos. Cold stress triggered differential expression in pathways such as photosynthesis, ribosomes, defense, and hormone signaling, with some hybrids showing transiently elevated cold‑responsive expression, suggesting potential cold‑tolerance introgression. The results highlight the utility of wild germplasm for breeding temperature‑resilient cranberries.

The study shows that inoculating Arabidopsis thaliana with the plant‑growth‑promoting bacterium Enterobacter sp. SA187 markedly boosts root and shoot biomass under elevated CO₂, accompanied by altered nitrogen and carbon content and reshaped phytohormone signaling. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal activation of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene pathways and enhanced primary metabolism, while the ethylene‑insensitive ein2‑1 mutant demonstrates that the growth benefits are ethylene‑dependent.